Injection of 40-kHz-modulated electron beam from the satellite: II. Excitation of electrostatic and whistler waves

Beam-plasma interaction effects are studied during the active space experiment with electron and Xe-ion beam injections in an ionospheric plasma. Permanent 40-kHz-modulated electron beam injection occurs simultaneously with a xenon-ion beam injected by the Hall-type plasma thruster operating in a square-pulse mode (100/50 s for a job/pause duration). The unusual behavior of the background charged particle fluxes and wave activity stimulated during the beam-plasma interaction have been registered by the scientific instruments onboard Intercosmos-25 station (IK-25) and Magion-3 subsatellite. The longitudinal and electromagnetic wave instabilities and their mutual relationship are considered in order to explain the observed effects. The excitation of electrostatic waves by the electron injection has been considered for different resonance conditions near the linear stability boundary. Beam-driven electromagnetic instability is responsible for the backward-propagating whistler waves excited via cyclotron resonance. Competition of these two beam instabilities is one of the subjects of the present study.     

Neural adaptive control for a ground experiment of the space proximity operation in a six-degree-of-freedom micro-gravity simulation system

In this study, a neural adaptive controller is developed for a ground experiment with a spacecraft proximity operation. As the water resistance in the experiment is highly nonlinear and can significantly affect the fidelity of the ground experiment, the water resistance must be estimated accurately and compensated using an active force online. For this problem, a novel control algorithm combined with Chebyshev Neural Networks (CNN) and an Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) is proposed. Specifically, the CNN algorithm is used to estimate the water resistance. The advantage of the CNN estimation is that the coefficients of the approximation can be adaptively changed to minimize the estimation error. Combined with the ADRC algorithm, the total disturbance is compensated in the experiment to improve the fidelity. The dynamic model of the spacecraft proximity maneuver in the experiment is established. The ground experiment of the proximity maneuver that considers an obstacle is provided to verify the efficiency of the proposed controller. The results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the pure ADRC method and can achieve close-to-real-time performance for the spacecraft proximity maneuver.     

用于BVI噪声试验的新型涡发生器设计与分析

针对直升机特有的旋翼桨/涡干扰(Blade vortex interaction,BVI)噪声计算精度低且试验数据缺乏问题,也为了开展旋翼气动噪声特性分离方法的验证试验研究,本文设计了一种能够用于BVI噪声试验的新型多段翼型组合式涡发生器。首先通过CATIA软件建立涡发生器出口端翼型段在不同迎角下的试验模型,再使用FLUENT软件建立涡发生器的流场仿真计算模型,比较分析了不同翼型段迎角下的涡流流场。随后用粒子图像测速法(Particle image velocimetry,PIV)技术系统测量了不同翼型段迎角、距离涡发生器出口端的长度及流速等参数变化下的涡流流场,对不同试验状态下的涡核、涡强等参数进行了对比分析。针对涡量偏弱的缺点,对传统单级涡发生器进行了改进,设计研发了双级涡发生段。试验证明其能产生更强且稳定的涡,为BVI噪声试验提供了模拟的桨尖涡,试验结果表明了涡发生器的有效性。     

Electron density inversed by plasma lines induced by suprathermal electron in the ionospheric modification experiment

Incoherent scatter radar (ISR) is the most powerful ground-based measurement facility to study the ionosphere. The plasma lines are not routinely detected by the incoherent scatter radar due to the low intensity, which falls below the measured spectral noise level of the incoherent scatter radar. The plasma lines are occasionally enhanced by suprathermal electrons through the Landau damping process and detectable to the incoherent scatter radar. In this study, by using the European Incoherent Scatter Association (EISCAT) UHF incoherent scatter radar, the experiment observation presents that the enhanced plasma lines were observed. These plasma lines were considered as manifest of the suprathermal electrons generated by the high-frequency heating wave during the ionospheric modification. The electron density profile is also obtained from the enhanced plasma lines. This study can be a promising technique for obtaining the accurate electron density during ionospheric modification experiment.     

低温推进剂空间管理技术研究进展与展望

本文介绍了低温推进剂的性能优势与空间管理挑战，梳理了低温流体空间管理(CFM)技术特征及其研究现状，建议按照重力依赖型与重力无关型分类开展技术成熟度提升研究。调研了美国逾半个世纪的CFM技术搭载实验研究历程，分析了各类平台的工作特性与性能优势。基于我国航天发展现状与未来需求，探析了我国开展CFM技术攻关、飞行搭载实验的可行方案。建议在我国载人空间站规划舱内低温技术实验柜与舱外暴露平台实验模块，加速我国CFM技术向工程应用的转化。     

基于虚拟正交试验的压气机叶轮轴-毂径向微动特性研究

用Pro/E建立压气机叶轮轴-毂三维模型,利用ANSYS软件采用子结构结合网格随移技术的分析方法,建立其有限元模型。采用虚拟正交试验方法对压气机叶轮轴-毂进行仿真,得出过盈量、摩擦系数、转速对最大单位摩擦功和平均摩擦功影响显著性次序及影响规律,得到最优组合。结果表明,模拟及正交试验优化结果准确、可靠,有效地降低了摩擦磨损程度,对实际装配过程具有一定的指导作用。     

石英加速度计离心机试验误差系数显著性分析

提出了一种针对石英加速度计精密离心机试验的显著性分析方法.在多位置方法分离加速度计误差系数时,由于激励不足等试验条件的限制,无法保证高次项系数的标定结果正确.离心机试验利用离心机提供的向心加速度作为仪表的输入,能够标定出高次项系数.为了确定被标定的误差系数均具有可信度,有必要对高过载试验结果进行分析,保留可信的误差系数,证明使用的误差模型无误.由于此方法的通用性,在其他试验条件下的误差分离试验中仍可运用.     

级负荷系数为0.42的小流量轴流压气机 设计与试验验证

由于受限于“尺寸效应”,负荷增大使中小航空发动机压气机性能降低的特征较为明显,这对高负荷压气机设计提出了更大挑战.为深入研究小流量、高负荷轴流压气机,提出了2级高负荷轴流压气机的设计原则和总体要求.针对平均级负荷系数为0.42的高负荷特点,采用强根部、大反力度、低展弦比、叶片端弯和悬臂静子等气动设计方法以提高压气机性能.用全3D数值模拟方法对设计结果进行了校核,分析了其性能和流场结构.为了对设计、计算结果进行验证确认,对压气机进行了试验测量,计算与试验结果吻合良好.结果表明:高负荷轴流压气机设计点的压比为2.73,绝热效率为0.865,综合裕度为15.3％,达到了设计指标要求.     

航空发动机液压管路静压力损失分析及试验验证

液压机械装置(HMU)燃油管路的设计是否合理将直接影响到油液静压力的传递损失和各液压元件的工作特性.为了研究燃油管路内部流动损失机理,验证相关计算方法的置信度,针对典型管路静压力损失,采用锐边节流公式和短管节流公式进行了理论计算,并进行了CFD仿真分析,对计算结果进行了试验验证.计算与试验结果对比分析表明:液流的静压力损失主要出现在进口环腔与管路的交界处,管路下游液流的静压力与出口环腔内一致;锐边节流公式的计算结果相对偏大,而短管节流公式的计算结果更接近于试验值.     

薄壁件多点柔性加工变形的分析和控制研究

针对开发薄壁件多点柔性工装系统的需求,研究薄壁件多点柔性铣削加工中的变形问题,运用有限元软件ABAQUS对零件的实际加工过程进行模拟仿真.多点柔性工装系统采用布局,分析吸盘边距和吸盘真空度对薄壁件加工变形的影响.通过改变A、B、C三组吸盘的真空度建立三因素四水平正交试验,总结出A、B、C三组吸盘分别调整真空度至-0.5bar、-0.8bar、-0.5bar能够获得更小的平均变形量,对多点柔性工装系统控制薄壁件的加工变形方面给出了建议.